Compare French Guiana (2005) - Burma (2002)

Compare French Guiana (2005) z Burma (2002)

	French Guiana (2005)	Burma (2002)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas department of France)	7 divisions* (yin-mya, singular - yin) and 7 states (pyine-mya, singular - pyine); Chin State, Ayeyarwady, Bago, Kachin State, Kayin State, Kayah State, Magway, Mandalay, Mon State, Rakhine State, Sagaing, Shan State, Tanintharyi, Yangon*
Age structure	0-14 years: 29.3% (male 29,262/female 27,947) 15-64 years: 64.7% (male 67,895/female 58,534) 65 years and over: 6.1% (male 6,038/female 5,830) (2005 est.)	0-14 years: 28.6% (male 6,158,039; female 5,905,314) 15-64 years: 66.6% (male 13,976,047; female 14,162,467) 65 years and over: 4.8% (male 905,476; female 1,130,881) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	corn, rice, manioc (tapioca), sugar, cocoa, vegetables, bananas; cattle, pigs, poultry	rice, pulses, beans, sesame, groundnuts, sugarcane; hardwood; fish and fish products
Airports	11 (2004 est.)	80 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 4 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 8 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)	total: 72 over 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 16 914 to 1,523 m: 20 under 914 m: 34 (2002)
Area	total: 91,000 sq km land: 89,150 sq km water: 1,850 sq km	total: 678,500 sq km land: 657,740 sq km water: 20,760 sq km
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Indiana	slightly smaller than Texas
Background	First settled by the French in 1604, French Guiana was the site of notorious penal settlements until 1951. The European Space Agency launches its communication satellites from Kourou.	Britain conquered Burma over a period of 62 years (1824-86) and incorporated it into its Indian Empire. Burma was administered as a province of India until 1937 when it became a separate, self-governing colony; independence outside of the Commonwealth was attained in 1948. Gen. NE WIN dominated the government from 1962 to 1988, first as military ruler, then as president, and later as political kingmaker. Despite multiparty elections in 1990 that resulted in the main opposition party winning a decisive victory, the ruling military junta refused to hand over power. Key opposition leader and Nobel Peace Prize recipient AUNG SAN SUU KYI, under house arrest from 1989 to 1995, was again placed under house detention from September 2000 to May 2002; her supporters are routinely harassed or jailed.
Birth rate	20.7 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	19.65 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $225 million expenditures: $390 million, including capital expenditures of $105 million (1996)	revenues: $7.9 billion expenditures: $12.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $5.7 billion (FY96/97)
Capital	Cayenne	Rangoon (regime refers to the capital as Yangon)
Climate	tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation	tropical monsoon; cloudy, rainy, hot, humid summers (southwest monsoon, June to September); less cloudy, scant rainfall, mild temperatures, lower humidity during winter (northeast monsoon, December to April)
Coastline	378 km	1,930 km
Constitution	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)	3 January 1974 (suspended since 18 September 1988); national convention started on 9 January 1993 to draft a new constitution; progress has since been stalled
Country name	conventional long form: Department of Guiana conventional short form: French Guiana local long form: none local short form: Guyane	conventional long form: Union of Burma conventional short form: Burma local long form: Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw (translated by the US Government as Union of Myanma and by the Burmese as Union of Myanmar) local short form: Myanma Naingngandaw former: Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma note: since 1989 the military authorities in Burma have promoted the name Myanmar as a conventional name for their state; this decision was not approved by any sitting legislature in Burma, and the US Government did not adopt the name, which is a derivative of the Burmese short-form name Myanma Naingngandaw
Currency	-	kyat (MMK)
Death rate	4.85 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	12.25 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$1.2 billion (1988)	$6 billion
Dependency status	overseas department of France	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas department of France)	chief of mission: Permanent Charge d'Affaires Carmen M. MARTINEZ embassy: 581 Merchant Street, Rangoon (GPO 521) mailing address: Box B, APO AP 96546 telephone: [95] (1) 256-019, 256-016 FAX: [95] (1) 256-018
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas department of France)	chief of mission: Ambassador TIN WINN chancery: 2300 S Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 332-9044 FAX: [1] (202) 332-9046 consulate(s) general: New York
Disputes - international	Suriname claims area between Riviere Litani and Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa) in French Guiana	despite renewed border committee talks, significant differences remain with Thailand over boundary alignment and the handling of ethnic guerrilla rebels, refugees, smuggling, and drug trafficking in cross-border region; Burmese attempts to construct a dam on border stream with Bangladesh in 2001 prompted an armed response halting construction; Burmese Muslim migration into Bangladesh strains Bangladesh's meager resources
Economic aid - recipient	NA	$99 million (FY98/99)
Economy - overview	The economy is tied closely to the much larger French economy through subsidies and imports. Besides the French space center at Kourou (which accounts for 25% of GDP), fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities. Forest and woodland cover 90% of the country. The large reserves of tropical hardwoods, not fully exploited, support an expanding sawmill industry that provides sawn logs for export. Cultivation of crops is limited to the coastal area, where the population is largely concentrated; rice and manioc are the major crops. French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy. Unemployment is a serious problem, particularly among younger workers.	Burma is a resource-rich country that suffers from abject rural poverty. The military regime took steps in the early 1990s to liberalize the economy after decades of failure under the "Burmese Way to Socialism", but those efforts have since stalled. Burma has been unable to achieve monetary or fiscal stability, resulting in an economy that suffers from serious macroeconomic imbalances - including an official exchange rate that overvalues the Burmese kyat by more than 100 times the market rate. In addition, most overseas development assistance ceased after the junta suppressed the democracy movement in 1988 and subsequently ignored the results of the 1990 election. Burma is data poor, and official statistics are often dated and inaccurate. Published estimates of Burma's foreign trade are greatly understated because of the size of the black market and border trade - often estimated to be one to two times the official economy.
Electricity - consumption	427.9 million kWh (2002)	4.432 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	460.1 million kWh (2002)	4.766 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: 83% hydro: 17% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Bellevue de l'Inini 851 m	lowest point: Andaman Sea 0 m highest point: Hkakabo Razi 5,881 m
Environment - current issues	NA	deforestation; industrial pollution of air, soil, and water; inadequate sanitation and water treatment contribute to disease
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94 signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	black or mulatto 66%, white 12%, East Indian, Chinese, Amerindian 12%, other 10%	Burman 68%, Shan 9%, Karen 7%, Rakhine 4%, Chinese 3%, Indian 2%, Mon 2%, other 5%
Exchange rates	Euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)	kyats per US dollar - official rate - 6.8581 (January 2002), 6.7489 (2001), 6.5167 (2000), 6.2858 (1999), 6.3432 (1998), 6.2418 (1997); kyats per US dollar - black market exchange rate - 435 (yearend 2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Ange MANCINI (since 31 July 2002) head of government: President of the General Council Joseph HO-TEN-YOU (since 26 March 2001); President of the Regional Council Antoine KARAM (since 22 March 1992) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; presidents of the General and Regional Councils are appointed by the members of those councils	chief of state: Prime Minister and Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Sr. Gen. THAN SHWE (since 23 April 1992); note - the prime minister is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: Prime Minister and Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council Sr. Gen. THAN SHWE (since 23 April 1992); note - the prime minister is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: State Peace and Development Council (SPDC); military junta, so named 15 November 1997, which initially assumed power 18 September 1988 under the name State Law and Order Restoration Council; the SPDC oversees the cabinet elections: none; the prime minister assumed power upon resignation of the former prime minister
Exports	NA	$1.8 billion f.o.b. (2001)
Exports - commodities	shrimp, timber, gold, rum, rosewood essence, clothing	apparel 55%, foodstuffs 18%, wood products 13%, precious stones 2% (2000)
Exports - partners	France 62%, Switzerland 7%, US 2% (2001)	US 27%, India 16%, China 7%, Japan 6%, Singapore 6% (2000 est.) note: official trade statistics do not include trade in illicit goods - such as narcotics, teak, and gems - or the largely unrecorded border trade with China and Thailand
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	the flag of France is used	red with a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing, all in white, 14 five-pointed stars encircling a cogwheel containing a stalk of rice; the 14 stars represent the 14 administrative divisions
GDP	-	purchasing power parity - $63 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA% (2001 est.)	agriculture: 42% industry: 17% services: 41% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $8,300 (2003 est.)	purchasing power parity - $1,500 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	2.3% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	4 00 N, 53 00 W	22 00 N, 98 00 E
Geography - note	mostly an unsettled wilderness; the only non-independent portion of the South American continent	strategic location near major Indian Ocean shipping lanes
Heliports	-	1 (2002)
Highways	total: 817 km (1998)	total: 28,200 km paved: 3,440 km unpaved: 24,760 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: 3% highest 10%: 32% (1998)
Illicit drugs	small amount of marijuana grown for local consumption; minor transshipment point to Europe	world's second largest producer of illicit opium (potential production in 2002 - 630 metric tons, down 27% due to drought and, to a lesser extent, eradication; cultivation in 2002 - 77,000 hectares, a 27% decline from 2001); surrender of drug warlord KHUN SA's Mong Tai Army in January 1996 was hailed by Rangoon as a major counternarcotics success, but lack of government will and ability to take on major narcotrafficking groups and lack of serious commitment against money laundering continues to hinder the overall antidrug effort; major source of methamphetamine and heroin for regional consumption
Imports	NA	$2.2 billion f.o.b. (2001)
Imports - commodities	food (grains, processed meat), machinery and transport equipment, fuels and chemicals	machinery, transport equipment, construction materials, food products, textile fabrics, petroleum products
Imports - partners	France 63%, US, Trinidad and Tobago, Italy (2002 est.)	China 26%, Singapore 23%, South Korea 15%, Japan 10%, Taiwan 10% (2000 est.)
Independence	none (overseas department of France)	4 January 1948 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	construction, shrimp processing, forestry products, rum, gold mining	agricultural processing; knit and woven apparel; wood and wood products; copper, tin, tungsten, iron; construction materials; pharmaceuticals; fertilizer
Infant mortality rate	total: 12.07 deaths/1,000 live births male: 12.91 deaths/1,000 live births female: 11.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	72.11 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.5% (2002 est.)	20% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	UPU, WCL, WFTU	ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	-	1 note: as of September 2000, Internet connections were legal only for the government, tourist offices, and a few large businesses (2000)
Irrigated land	20 sq km (1998 est.)	15,920 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch	Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel (highest local court based in Martinique with jurisdiction over Martinique, Guadeloupe, and French Guiana)	remnants of the British-era legal system are in place, but there is no guarantee of a fair public trial; the judiciary is not independent of the executive
Labor force	58,800 (1997)	23.7 million (1999 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 18.2%, industry 21.2%, services, government, and commerce 60.6% (1980)	agriculture 65%, industry 10%, services 25% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries	total: 1,183 km border countries: Brazil 673 km, Suriname 510 km	total: 5,876 km border countries: Bangladesh 193 km, China 2,185 km, India 1,463 km, Laos 235 km, Thailand 1,800 km
Land use	arable land: 0.14% permanent crops: 0.05% other: 99.81% (90% forest, 10% other) (2001)	arable land: 14.53% permanent crops: 0.9% other: 84.57% (1998 est.)
Languages	French	Burmese, minority ethnic groups have their own languages
Legal system	French legal system	has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council or Conseil Regional (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PSG 5, various left-wing parties 5, independents 7, other 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - PS 28.28%, various left parties 22.56%, RPR 15.91%, independents 8.6%, Walwari Committee 6%; seats by party - PS 11, various left parties 9, RPR 6, independents 3, Walwari Committee 2 note: one seat was elected to the French Senate on 27 September 1998 (next to be held September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; 2 seats were elected to the French National Assembly on 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP/RPR 1, Walwari Committee 1	unicameral People's Assembly or Pyithu Hluttaw (485 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: last held 27 May 1990, but Assembly never convened election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NLD 392, SNLD 23, NUP 10, other 60
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 77.09 years male: 73.77 years female: 80.58 years (2005 est.)	total population: 55.41 years male: 53.85 years female: 57.07 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 83% male: 84% female: 82% (1982 est.)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 83.1% male: 88.7% female: 77.7% (1995 est.) note: these are official statistics; estimates of functional literacy are likely closer to 30% (1999 est.)
Location	Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname	Southeastern Asia, bordering the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Bangladesh and Thailand
Map references	South America	Southeast Asia
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	contiguous zone: 24 NM continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	registered in other countries: 3	total: 35 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 382,386 GRT/582,084 DWT ships by type: bulk 9, cargo 21, container 1, passenger/cargo 3, petroleum tanker 1 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Germany 5, Japan 4 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	-
Military branches	no regular military forces; Gendarmerie	Army, Navy, Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA	$39 million (FY97/98)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	2.1% (FY97/98)
Military manpower - availability	-	males age 15-49: 12,211,144 females age 15-49: 12,223,069 note: both sexes liable for military service (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service	-	males age 15-49: 6,502,013 females age 15-49: 6,491,732 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age	-	18 years of age (2002 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually	-	males: 486,432 females: 470,667 (2002 est.)
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Independence Day, 4 January (1948)
Nationality	noun: French Guianese (singular and plural) adjective: French Guianese	noun: Burmese (singular and plural) adjective: Burmese
Natural hazards	high frequency of heavy showers and severe thunderstorms; flooding	destructive earthquakes and cyclones; flooding and landslides common during rainy season (June to September); periodic droughts
Natural resources	bauxite, timber, gold (widely scattered), petroleum, kaolin, fish, niobium, tantalum, clay	petroleum, timber, tin, antimony, zinc, copper, tungsten, lead, coal, some marble, limestone, precious stones, natural gas, hydropower
Net migration rate	5.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	-1.83 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines	-	crude oil 1,343 km; natural gas 330 km
Political parties and leaders	Guyanese Democratic Action or ADG [Andre LECANTE]; Guyanese Socialist Party or PSG [Marie-Claude VERDAN]; Guyana Democratic Forces or FDG [Georges OTHILY]; Popular National Guyanese Party or PNPG [Jose DORCY]; Socialist Party or PS [Paul DEBRIETTE]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP (includes RPR) [Muriel ICARE]; Walwari Committee (aligned with the PRG in France) [Christine TAUBIRA-DELANON]	National League for Democracy or NLD [AUNG SHWE, chairman, AUNG SAN SUU KYI, general secretary]; National Unity Party or NUP (proregime) [THA KYAW]; Shan Nationalities League for Democracy or SNLD [U KHUN TUN OO]; Union Solidarity and Development Association or USDA (proregime, a social and political organization) [THAN AUNG, general secretary]; and other smaller parties
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	All Burma Student Democratic Front or ABSDF; Kachin Independence Army or KIA; Karen National Union or KNU; National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma or NCGUB [Dr. SEIN WIN] consists of individuals legitimately elected to the People's Assembly but not recognized by the military regime (the group fled to a border area and joined with insurgents in December 1990 to form a parallel government); several Shan factions; United Wa State Army or UWSA
Population	195,506 (July 2005 est.)	42,238,224 note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	25% (2000 est.)
Population growth rate	2.1% (2005 est.)	0.56% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Degrad des Cannes	Bassein, Bhamo, Chauk, Mandalay, Moulmein, Myitkyina, Rangoon, Akyab (Sittwe), Tavoy
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 14 (including 6 repeaters), shortwave 6 (including 5 repeaters) (1998)	AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 3 (1998)
Radios	-	4.2 million (1997)
Railways	-	total: 3,991 km narrow gauge: 3,991 km 1.000-m gauge (2000 est.)
Religions	Roman Catholic	Buddhist 89%, Christian 4% (Baptist 3%, Roman Catholic 1%), Muslim 4%, animist 1%, other 2%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.16 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.04 male(s)/female total population: 1.12 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: fair open-wire and microwave radio relay system international: country code - 594; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is good domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	51,000 (2001)	250,000 (2000)
Telephones - mobile cellular	138,200 (2002)	8,492 (1997)
Television broadcast stations	3 (plus eight low-power repeaters) (1997)	2 (1998)
Terrain	low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains	central lowlands ringed by steep, rugged highlands
Total fertility rate	3.01 children born/woman (2005 est.)	2.23 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	22% (2001)	5.1% (2001 est.)
Waterways	3,760 km note: 460 km navigable by small oceangoing vessels and coastal and river steamers, 3,300 km by native craft (2004)	12,800 km note: 3,200 km navigable by large commercial vessels

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